{"id":"UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25291","details":"ruby-saml provides security assertion markup language (SAML) single sign-on (SSO) for Ruby. An authentication bypass vulnerability was found in ruby-saml prior to versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 due to a parser differential. ReXML and Nokogiri parse XML differently; the parsers can generate entirely different document structures from the same XML input. That allows an attacker to be able to execute a Signature Wrapping attack. This issue may lead to authentication bypass. Versions 1.12.4 and 1.18.0 fix the issue.","modified":"2026-02-04T04:37:07.180858Z","published":"2025-03-12T21:15:00Z","related":["USN-7409-1"],"upstream":["CVE-2025-25291"],"references":[{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-25291"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-25291"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2025/03/12/patch-release-gitlab-17-9-2-released"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://github.blog/security/sign-in-as-anyone-bypassing-saml-sso-authentication-with-parser-differentials"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://github.com/omniauth/omniauth-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-hw46-3hmr-x9xv"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e76c5b36bac40aedbf1ba7ffaaf495be63328cd9"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/commit/e9c1cdbd0f9afa467b585de279db0cbd0fb8ae97"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.12.4"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/releases/tag/v1.18.0"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://github.com/SAML-Toolkits/ruby-saml/security/advisories/GHSA-4vc4-m8qh-g8jm"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7409-1"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"ruby-saml","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS","purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2?arch=source&distro=esm-apps/xenial"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"}]}],"versions":["0.9.2-1","1.0.0-1","1.1.2-1ubuntu1","1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm1","1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2"],"ecosystem_specific":{"binaries":[{"binary_name":"ruby-saml","binary_version":"1.1.2-1ubuntu1+esm2"}]},"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices/blob/main/osv/cve/2025/UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25291.json"}},{"package":{"name":"ruby-saml","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS","purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2?arch=source&distro=esm-apps/bionic"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2"}]}],"versions":["1.4.1-1","1.7.2-1","1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm1"],"ecosystem_specific":{"availability":"Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro","binaries":[{"binary_name":"ruby-saml","binary_version":"1.7.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm2"}]},"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices/blob/main/osv/cve/2025/UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25291.json"}},{"package":{"name":"ruby-saml","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS","purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1?arch=source&distro=esm-apps/focal"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"}]}],"versions":["1.7.2-1","1.11.0-1","1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1"],"ecosystem_specific":{"availability":"Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro","binaries":[{"binary_name":"ruby-saml","binary_version":"1.11.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"}]},"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices/blob/main/osv/cve/2025/UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25291.json"}},{"package":{"name":"ruby-saml","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:22.04:LTS","purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1?arch=source&distro=esm-apps/jammy"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"}]}],"versions":["1.11.0-1","1.13.0-1","1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1"],"ecosystem_specific":{"availability":"Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro","binaries":[{"binary_name":"ruby-saml","binary_version":"1.13.0-1ubuntu0.1+esm1"}]},"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices/blob/main/osv/cve/2025/UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25291.json"}},{"package":{"name":"ruby-saml","ecosystem":"Ubuntu:Pro:24.04:LTS","purl":"pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-saml@1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1?arch=source&distro=esm-apps/noble"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1"}]}],"versions":["1.15.0-1","1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1"],"ecosystem_specific":{"availability":"Available with Ubuntu Pro: https://ubuntu.com/pro","binaries":[{"binary_name":"ruby-saml","binary_version":"1.15.0-1ubuntu0.24.04.1+esm1"}]},"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/canonical/ubuntu-security-notices/blob/main/osv/cve/2025/UBUNTU-CVE-2025-25291.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.7.3","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V4","score":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"},{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"type":"Ubuntu","score":"medium"}]}