{"id":"GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4","summary":"Orval: Import-time RCE via schema default -\u003e zod module-level template literal","details":"### Summary\n\nOrval's zod schema generation emits a schema's `default` value as a module-level template literal (`export const …Default = `\u003cdefault\u003e`;`) without escaping `${` or the backtick. A default of the form `v${\u003ccode\u003e}w` injects a live JavaScript expression that is evaluated when the generated zod schema module is imported, executing attacker-controlled code at import — no request or function call needed. Verified on Orval 8.19.0; survives default OpenAPI validation.\n\n### Details\n\n```ts\nexport const getIResponseDsDefault = `v${globalThis.ORVPWN()}w`;\n```\n\n`${...}` permits an arbitrary JS expression. Orval escapes its other value sinks (enum, mock, regex, object-default values) with `\\'` inside single-quoted strings; the string `default` is the one value emitted as a backtick template literal, so `${...}`/backtick are interpreted, not escaped. Distinct from the URL-template-literal cases (different field and sink) and from the published Orval CVEs (summary/MCP, x-enumDescriptions, const/mock).\n\n### PoC\n\n`reproduce.sh` (+ `make_spec.py`) attached: generates the zod schema with default validation, bundles it, imports it, and shows a marker written at import. Verified on 8.19.0.\n\n### Impact\n\nCode execution at import in any application that imports a zod schema module generated from an attacker-controlled or attacker-influenced OpenAPI description.\n\n### Suggested fix\n\nEmit `default` values via a proper string-literal encoder (JSON.stringify, or escape backtick and ${ if a template literal must be used); never interpolate a spec value into a template literal. \n\n[maintainer-report.txt](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399048/maintainer-report.txt)\n[make_spec.py](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399049/make_spec.py)\n[reproduce.sh](https://github.com/user-attachments/files/29399050/reproduce.sh)","aliases":["CVE-2026-72717"],"modified":"2026-09-18T05:30:05.771472236Z","published":"2026-09-03T19:03:03Z","database_specific":{"cwe_ids":["CWE-116","CWE-1336","CWE-94"],"severity":"CRITICAL","github_reviewed":true,"github_reviewed_at":"2026-09-03T19:03:03Z","nvd_published_at":"2026-08-19T18:17:25Z"},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/security/advisories/GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-72717"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/pull/3692"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/commit/8ef1bfdf3f9bcaf9dabfbe2e42887f1c0e159ab6"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/orval-labs/orval"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/orval-labs/orval/releases/tag/v8.21.0"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"orval","ecosystem":"npm","purl":"pkg:npm/orval"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"8.21.0"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/09/GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4/GHSA-w727-8j6c-2rj4.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V4","score":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}]}