{"id":"GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3q","summary":"OpenClaw's Windows cmd.exe parsing may bypass exec allowlist/approval gating","details":"### Summary\n\nOn Windows nodes, exec requests were executed via `cmd.exe /d /s /c \u003crawCommand\u003e`. In allowlist/approval-gated mode, the allowlist analysis did not model Windows `cmd.exe` parsing and metacharacter behavior. A crafted command string could cause `cmd.exe` to interpret additional operations (for example command chaining via `&`, or expansion via `%...%` / `!...!`) beyond what was allowlisted/approved.\n\n### Affected Packages / Versions\n\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected: `\u003c= 2026.2.1`\n- Patched: `\u003e= 2026.2.2`\n- Latest (npm) as of 2026-02-14: `2026.2.13`\n\n### Details\n\n- Default installs: Not affected unless you opt into exec allowlist/approval gating on Windows nodes.\n- Windows execution uses `cmd.exe` via `src/infra/node-shell.ts`.\n- The fix hardens Windows allowlist enforcement by:\n  - Passing the platform into allowlist analysis and rejecting Windows shell metacharacters.\n  - Treating `cmd.exe` invocation as not allowlist-safe on Windows.\n  - Avoiding `cmd.exe` entirely in allowlist mode by executing the parsed argv directly when possible.\n\n### Fix Commit(s)\n\n- `a7f4a53ce80c98ba1452eb90802d447fca9bf3d6`\n\nThanks @simecek for reporting.","aliases":["CVE-2026-28391"],"modified":"2026-03-10T18:47:20.506886Z","published":"2026-02-17T16:44:11Z","database_specific":{"github_reviewed_at":"2026-02-17T16:44:11Z","nvd_published_at":"2026-03-05T22:16:15Z","cwe_ids":["CWE-78"],"severity":"HIGH","github_reviewed":true},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3q"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28391"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a7f4a53ce80c98ba1452eb90802d447fca9bf3d6"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.2.2"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-command-injection-via-cmdexe-parsing-bypass-in-allowlist-enforcement"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"openclaw","ecosystem":"npm","purl":"pkg:npm/openclaw"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2026.2.2"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/02/GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3q/GHSA-qj77-c3c8-9c3q.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"},{"type":"CVSS_V4","score":"CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}]}