{"id":"GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h","summary":"n8n: Privilege Escalation and Code Execution via Full Public API Key Scope Assignment to Token Exchange JWTs","details":"## Impact\n\nJWTs issued through the Token Exchange module were assigned all Public API key scopes, regardless of the acting user's actual role. A low-privileged user who could obtain a valid external JWT trusted by a configured issuer could therefore use the resulting access token to invoke administrator-only Public API operations, such as role escalation, user creation, and user deletion.\n\nThe issue only affects instances where the Token Exchange feature and the Public API are enabled (N8N_TOKEN_EXCHANGE_ENABLED=true, N8N_ENV_FEAT_TOKEN_EXCHANGE=true) and the attacker can obtain an external JWT accepted by a configured trusted key. Role escalation additionally requires an Advanced Permissions license; Community Package installation additionally requires `N8N_COMMUNITY_PACKAGES_ENABLED=true` and `N8N_UNVERIFIED_PACKAGES_ENABLED=true`.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n version 2.30.1 and 2.29.8. Users should upgrade to this version or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Disable the Token Exchange feature by setting `N8N_TOKEN_EXCHANGE_ENABLED=false` or `N8N_ENV_FEAT_TOKEN_EXCHANGE=false`.\n- If Token Exchange cannot be disabled, restrict Public API access at the network level to trusted clients only.\n- Disable unverified Community Package installation by setting `N8N_UNVERIFIED_PACKAGES_ENABLED=false` to eliminate the code execution path.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.","aliases":["CVE-2026-65595"],"modified":"2026-07-22T22:26:48.245542Z","published":"2026-07-22T22:00:07Z","database_specific":{"nvd_published_at":null,"cwe_ids":["CWE-269"],"severity":"HIGH","github_reviewed":true,"github_reviewed_at":"2026-07-22T22:00:07Z"},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-65595"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.29.8"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.30.1"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-privilege-escalation-via-token-exchange"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"n8n","ecosystem":"npm","purl":"pkg:npm/n8n"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"2.30.0"},{"fixed":"2.30.1"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/07/GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h/GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h.json"}},{"package":{"name":"n8n","ecosystem":"npm","purl":"pkg:npm/n8n"},"ranges":[{"type":"SEMVER","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.29.8"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2026/07/GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h/GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V4","score":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L"}]}