{"id":"GHSA-6g59-gm2v-qhvq","summary":"PraisonAI: Crawl4AI/Chromium backend is also affected by the `web_crawl` SSRF validation bypass","details":"## Summary\n\nThe DNS-rebinding / redirect SSRF bypass in PRAI-05 is **not limited to the httpx/urllib backend**. When `crawl4ai` (headless Chromium via Playwright) is installed, `web_crawl` auto-selects `provider=crawl4ai`, and the headless browser re-resolves DNS and follows redirects on its own — with no per-connection SSRF guard. Runtime-confirmed read-back of the internal canary via both DNS rebinding and redirect (`provider: \"crawl4ai\"`). Status: runtime-confirmed addendum to PRAI-05.\n\n## Details\n\n### Affected component\n- Package `praisonaiagents` 4.6.63. Backend selected when `crawl4ai`+Playwright are installed.\n- Files: `src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/web_crawl_tools.py` (`_crawl_with_crawl4ai`) and `src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/crawl4ai_tools.py` (standalone crawl wrappers).\n\n### Vulnerable code / root cause\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/web_crawl_tools.py`\n\nFunction:\n`_crawl_with_crawl4ai`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\nasync with AsyncWebCrawler() as crawler:\n    for url in urls:\n        result = await crawler.arun(url=url)   # headless browser: re-resolves DNS, follows redirects\n```\n\nPath:\n`src/praisonai-agents/praisonaiagents/tools/crawl4ai_tools.py`\n\nFunction:\n`Crawl4AITools.crawl` / `crawl4ai`\n\nSnippet:\n```python\nresult = await crawler.arun(url=url, config=config)   # no _is_safe_crawl_url / no per-connect validation\n```\n\nIssue: the only SSRF check is the single pre-fetch `_is_safe_crawl_url()` on the initial URL string in `web_crawl()` (see PRAI-05). The headless browser then resolves and connects independently and follows redirects in-browser — no resolved-IP pinning, no per-hop/per-connect validation. Input (`urls`) is attacker/agent-controlled; the sink is `crawler.arun(url=...)`; the guard is bypassed by DNS rebinding (TOCTOU) and by redirects (followed in-browser).\n\n### Attack flow / Why bypassed / Security boundary\nIdentical to PRAI-05: TOCTOU between the guard's resolution and the browser's connection; redirects followed in-browser; internal response returned as crawl `content`. See PRAI-05.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\n### Environment\n`crawl4ai` + Playwright Chromium installed in a dedicated runtime container (`127.0.0.1:18081`), same controlled internal canary + rebinding DNS. Runnable assets: `PraisonAI-Runtime-Repro\\runtime-files\\` (`docker-compose.crawl.yml`).\n\n### Steps to reproduce\n1. `SSRF-04-01-Crawl4AI-DNS-Rebind-Trigger` → `127.0.0.1:18081`:\n```http\nPOST /tool/web_crawl HTTP/1.1\nHost: 127.0.0.1:18081\nContent-Type: application/json\n\n{\"url\":\"http://rebind.lab:8081/secret\"}\n```\n2. Redirect variant `SSRF-04-03-Crawl4AI-Redirect-Readback`: `{\"url\":\"http://redirector:8082/redirect-to-internal\"}`.\n\n### Expected result\nThe crawl backend refuses internal destinations regardless of DNS timing/redirects.\n\n### Actual result\nHTTP 200, `\"provider\":\"crawl4ai\"`, response `content` contains `PRAISONAI_INTERNAL_SECRET_CANARY_7f3a91` + `FAKE_INTERNAL_TOKEN_DO_NOT_USE_7f3a91` for both the DNS-rebinding and the redirect payload.\n\n### Screenshots\n\n**Crawl4AI DNS rebinding read-back**\n\nThe attacker-controlled `rebind.lab` URL is accepted by the Crawl4AI-backed `web_crawl` endpoint. PraisonAI returns the internal canary response body containing `PRAISONAI_INTERNAL_SECRET_CANARY_7f3a91`.\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1542\" height=\"763\" alt=\"01-Crawl4AI-Burp-Readback\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a03b3a1c-e382-4f67-8ea6-b766dceb4a69\" /\u003e\n\n**Crawl4AI DNS rebinding runtime evidence**\n\nThe runtime log shows the Crawl4AI/Chromium backend resolving `rebind.lab` to an internal Docker IP during the fetch phase. The internal canary receives `GET /secret` from a headless Chrome user agent.\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1659\" height=\"946\" alt=\"02-Crawl4AI-DNS-Log-And-Internal-Hit\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/d93db090-3e39-43d0-af3b-5d1d8f614db8\" /\u003e\n\n**Crawl4AI redirect read-back**\n\nThe attacker-controlled redirector URL is accepted by the Crawl4AI-backed endpoint. PraisonAI follows the redirect and returns the internal canary response body.\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1544\" height=\"771\" alt=\"03-Crawl4AI-Redirect-Readback\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/7d05c8aa-5bda-45bc-b94c-bef0bdcf055c\" /\u003e\n\n**Crawl4AI redirect runtime evidence**\n\nThe controlled redirector returns `302 -\u003e http://internal-canary:8081/secret`, and the internal canary receives `GET /secret` from the Crawl4AI/Chromium backend.\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1590\" height=\"920\" alt=\"04-Crawl4AI-Redirect-Internal-Hit-Log\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/dd9c0fec-3583-43ab-b83c-4470fa6aa409\" /\u003e\n\n\n## Impact\nSame class as PRAI-05: read-back SSRF to internal/metadata services, now on the crawl4ai backend. Broadens the affected surface (the flaw is in the shared validate-without-pinning design, not one backend).\n\n## Suggested remediation\nResolve-once + IP-pin + per-connect validation must also cover the crawl4ai backend (constrain the headless browser to the validated IP, or allowlist crawl destinations).","aliases":["CVE-2026-61429"],"modified":"2026-10-07T20:30:06.848585920Z","published":"2026-10-07T20:22:17Z","database_specific":{"cwe_ids":["CWE-200","CWE-367","CWE-918"],"severity":"HIGH","github_reviewed":true,"github_reviewed_at":"2026-10-07T20:22:17Z","nvd_published_at":null},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-6g59-gm2v-qhvq"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61429"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/praisonai-before-ssrf-via-crawl4ai-chromium-backend"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"praisonaiagents","ecosystem":"PyPI","purl":"pkg:pypi/praisonaiagents"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.6.78"}]}],"versions":["0.0.1","0.0.10","0.0.100","0.0.101","0.0.102","0.0.103","0.0.104","0.0.105","0.0.106","0.0.107","0.0.108","0.0.109","0.0.11","0.0.110","0.0.111","0.0.112","0.0.113","0.0.114","0.0.115","0.0.116","0.0.117","0.0.118","0.0.119","0.0.12","0.0.120","0.0.121","0.0.122","0.0.123","0.0.124","0.0.125","0.0.126","0.0.127","0.0.128","0.0.129","0.0.13","0.0.130","0.0.131","0.0.132","0.0.133","0.0.134","0.0.135","0.0.136","0.0.137","0.0.138","0.0.139","0.0.14","0.0.140","0.0.141","0.0.142","0.0.143","0.0.144","0.0.145","0.0.146","0.0.147","0.0.148","0.0.149","0.0.15","0.0.150","0.0.151","0.0.152","0.0.153","0.0.154","0.0.155","0.0.156","0.0.157","0.0.158","0.0.159","0.0.16","0.0.160","0.0.161","0.0.162","0.0.163","0.0.164","0.0.165","0.0.166","0.0.167","0.0.168","0.0.169","0.0.17","0.0.170","0.0.171","0.0.172","0.0.173","0.0.174","0.0.175","0.0.176","0.0.177","0.0.178","0.0.179","0.0.18","0.0.180","0.0.181","0.0.182","0.0.183","0.0.184","0.0.185","0.0.187","0.0.188","0.0.189","0.0.19","0.0.190","0.0.191","0.0.192","0.0.193","0.0.194","0.0.195","0.0.196","0.0.197","0.0.198","0.0.199","0.0.2","0.0.20","0.0.21","0.0.22","0.0.23","0.0.24","0.0.25","0.0.26","0.0.27","0.0.28","0.0.29","0.0.3","0.0.30","0.0.31","0.0.32","0.0.33","0.0.34","0.0.35","0.0.36","0.0.37","0.0.38","0.0.39","0.0.4","0.0.40","0.0.41","0.0.42","0.0.43","0.0.44","0.0.45","0.0.46","0.0.47","0.0.48","0.0.49","0.0.5","0.0.50","0.0.51","0.0.52","0.0.53","0.0.54","0.0.56","0.0.57","0.0.58","0.0.59","0.0.6","0.0.60","0.0.61","0.0.62","0.0.63","0.0.64","0.0.65","0.0.66","0.0.67","0.0.68","0.0.69","0.0.7","0.0.70","0.0.71","0.0.72","0.0.73","0.0.74","0.0.75","0.0.76","0.0.77","0.0.78","0.0.79","0.0.8","0.0.80","0.0.81","0.0.82","0.0.83","0.0.84","0.0.85","0.0.86","0.0.87","0.0.88","0.0.89","0.0.9","0.0.90","0.0.91","0.0.92","0.0.93","0.0.94","0.0.95","0.0.96","0.0.97","0.0.98","0.0.99","0.1.0","0.1.1","0.1.10","0.1.11","0.1.12","0.1.13","0.1.14","0.1.15","0.1.16","0.1.17","0.1.18","0.1.19","0.1.2","0.1.20","0.1.21","0.1.22","0.1.23","0.1.24","0.1.25","0.1.26","0.1.27","0.1.3","0.1.4","0.1.5","0.1.6","0.1.7","0.1.8","0.1.9","0.10.0","0.10.1","0.10.10","0.10.2","0.10.3","0.10.4","0.10.5","0.10.6","0.10.7","0.10.8","0.10.9","0.11.0","0.11.1","0.11.10","0.11.11","0.11.12","0.11.13","0.11.14","0.11.15","0.11.16","0.11.17","0.11.18","0.11.19","0.11.2","0.11.20","0.11.21","0.11.22","0.11.23","0.11.24","0.11.25","0.11.27","0.11.28","0.11.29","0.11.3","0.11.30","0.11.31","0.11.4","0.11.5","0.11.6","0.11.7","0.11.8","0.11.9","0.12.0","0.12.1","0.12.10","0.12.11","0.12.12","0.12.13","0.12.14","0.12.15","0.12.16","0.12.17","0.12.18","0.12.19","0.12.2","0.12.20","0.12.21","0.12.3","0.12.4","0.12.5","0.12.6","0.12.7","0.12.8","0.12.9","0.13.0","0.13.1","0.13.10","0.13.11","0.13.12","0.13.13","0.13.14","0.13.15","0.13.16","0.13.17","0.13.18","0.13.19","0.13.2","0.13.20","0.13.21","0.13.22","0.13.23","0.13.3","0.13.4","0.13.5","0.13.6","0.13.7","0.13.8","0.13.9","0.14.0","0.14.1","0.14.10","0.14.11","0.14.12","0.14.14","0.14.15","0.14.16","0.14.2","0.14.3","0.14.4","0.14.5","0.14.6","0.14.7","0.14.8","0.14.9","0.15.0","0.15.1","0.15.2","0.15.3","0.2.0","0.2.1","0.2.2","0.3.0","0.3.1","0.3.2","0.3.3","0.3.4","0.4.0","0.4.1","0.5.0","0.5.1","0.5.2","0.5.3","0.6.0","0.6.1","0.6.2","0.6.3","0.6.4","0.6.5","0.6.6","0.6.7","0.6.8","0.7.0","0.7.1","0.8.0","0.8.1","0.9.0","0.9.1","1.0.0","1.1.0","1.2.0","1.2.1","1.2.2","1.2.3","1.2.4","1.3.0","1.3.1","1.4.0","1.4.1","1.4.2","1.4.3","1.4.4","1.4.5","1.4.6","1.4.7","1.4.8","1.5.0","1.5.1","1.5.10","1.5.100","1.5.101","1.5.102","1.5.103","1.5.104","1.5.105","1.5.106","1.5.107","1.5.108","1.5.109","1.5.11","1.5.110","1.5.111","1.5.112","1.5.113","1.5.114","1.5.115","1.5.116","1.5.117","1.5.118","1.5.119","1.5.12","1.5.120","1.5.121","1.5.122","1.5.123","1.5.124","1.5.125","1.5.126","1.5.127","1.5.128","1.5.129","1.5.13","1.5.130","1.5.131","1.5.132","1.5.133","1.5.134","1.5.135","1.5.136","1.5.137","1.5.138","1.5.139","1.5.14","1.5.140","1.5.141","1.5.142","1.5.143","1.5.144","1.5.145","1.5.146","1.5.147","1.5.148","1.5.149","1.5.15","1.5.16","1.5.17","1.5.18","1.5.19","1.5.2","1.5.20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