{"id":"GHSA-626q-v9j4-mcp4","summary":"OpenZeppelin Contracts contains Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature","details":"### Cause\n`is_valid_eth_signature` is missing a call to `finalize_keccak` after calling `verify_eth_signature`. \n\n### Impact\nAs a result, any contract using `is_valid_eth_signature` from the account library (such as the `EthAccount` preset) is vulnerable to a malicious sequencer. Specifically, the malicious sequencer would be able to bypass signature validation to impersonate an instance of these accounts.\n\n### Risk\nIn order to exploit this vulnerability, it is required to control a sequencer or prover since they're the ones executing the hints, being able to inject incorrect keccak results.\n\nToday StarkWare is the only party running both a prover or a sequencer, greatly reducing the risk of exploit.\n\n### Patches\nThe issue has been patched in 0.6.1.\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [the Contracts for Cairo repository](https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/cairo-contracts/issues/new/choose)\n* Email us at [security@openzeppelin.com](mailto:security@openzeppelin.com)","aliases":["CVE-2023-23940","PYSEC-2023-39"],"modified":"2026-02-22T22:56:17.554616Z","published":"2023-02-02T16:59:46Z","database_specific":{"severity":"MODERATE","github_reviewed":true,"github_reviewed_at":"2023-02-02T16:59:46Z","nvd_published_at":"2023-02-03T20:15:00Z","cwe_ids":["CWE-345","CWE-347"]},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/cairo-contracts/security/advisories/GHSA-626q-v9j4-mcp4"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23940"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/cairo-contracts/pull/542/commits/6d4cb750478fca2fd916f73297632f899aca9299"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/OpenZeppelin/cairo-contracts"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/openzeppelin-cairo-contracts/PYSEC-2023-39.yaml"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"openzeppelin-cairo-contracts","ecosystem":"PyPI","purl":"pkg:pypi/openzeppelin-cairo-contracts"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0.2.0"},{"fixed":"0.6.1"}]}],"versions":["0.2.0","0.2.1","0.3.0","0.3.1","0.3.2","0.4.0","0.4.0b0","0.5.0","0.5.1","0.6.0"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2023/02/GHSA-626q-v9j4-mcp4/GHSA-626q-v9j4-mcp4.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"},{"type":"CVSS_V4","score":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"}]}