{"id":"GHSA-4wrr-9h5r-m92w","summary":"Apache Struts Remote Java Code Execution","details":"The `ExceptionDelegator` component in Apache Struts before 2.2.3.1 interprets parameter values as OGNL expressions during certain exception handling for mismatched data types of properties, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary Java code via a crafted parameter.","aliases":["CVE-2012-0391"],"modified":"2026-05-05T15:58:35.421759Z","published":"2022-05-04T00:29:43Z","database_specific":{"github_reviewed":true,"github_reviewed_at":"2023-08-29T20:37:05Z","nvd_published_at":"2012-01-08T15:55:00Z","cwe_ids":["CWE-20","CWE-94"],"severity":"CRITICAL"},"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-0391"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/25e50069d60434a30395e3a98357ffba2bed427e"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/5f54b8d087f5125d96838aafa5f64c2190e6885b"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/b4265d369dc29d57a9f2846a85b26598e83f3892"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://github.com/apache/struts"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-3668"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2012-0391"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://www.sec-consult.com/files/20120104-0_Apache_Struts2_Multiple_Critical_Vulnerabilities.txt"},{"type":"WEB","url":"http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-01/0031.html"},{"type":"WEB","url":"http://secunia.com/advisories/47393"},{"type":"WEB","url":"http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/s2-008.html"},{"type":"WEB","url":"http://struts.apache.org/2.x/docs/version-notes-2311.html"},{"type":"WEB","url":"http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/18329"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"org.apache.struts:struts2-core","ecosystem":"Maven","purl":"pkg:maven/org.apache.struts/struts2-core"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.2.3.1"}]}],"versions":["2.0.11","2.0.11.1","2.0.11.2","2.0.12","2.0.14","2.0.5","2.0.6","2.0.8","2.0.9","2.1.2","2.1.6","2.1.8","2.1.8.1","2.2.1","2.2.1.1","2.2.3"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2022/05/GHSA-4wrr-9h5r-m92w/GHSA-4wrr-9h5r-m92w.json"}},{"package":{"name":"org.apache.struts.xwork:xwork-core","ecosystem":"Maven","purl":"pkg:maven/org.apache.struts.xwork/xwork-core"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.2.3.1"}]}],"versions":["2.2.1","2.2.1.1","2.2.3"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://github.com/github/advisory-database/blob/main/advisories/github-reviewed/2022/05/GHSA-4wrr-9h5r-m92w/GHSA-4wrr-9h5r-m92w.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}]}