{"id":"DEBIAN-CVE-2026-4878","details":"A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.","modified":"2026-09-10T08:47:33.724784043Z","published":"2026-04-09T16:16:31.987Z","upstream":["CVE-2026-4878"],"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2026-4878"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"libcap2","ecosystem":"Debian:12","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/libcap2?arch=source&distro=bookworm"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:2.66-4+deb12u3"}]}],"versions":["1:2.66-4","1:2.66-4+deb12u1","1:2.66-4+deb12u2"],"ecosystem_specific":{"urgency":"not yet assigned"},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/debian-osv/debian-cve-osv/DEBIAN-CVE-2026-4878.json"}},{"package":{"name":"libcap2","ecosystem":"Debian:13","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/libcap2?arch=source&distro=trixie"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:2.75-10+deb13u1"}]}],"versions":["1:2.75-10"],"ecosystem_specific":{"urgency":"not yet assigned"},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/debian-osv/debian-cve-osv/DEBIAN-CVE-2026-4878.json"}},{"package":{"name":"libcap2","ecosystem":"Debian:14","purl":"pkg:deb/debian/libcap2?arch=source&distro=forky"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1:2.78-1"}]}],"versions":["1:2.75-10","1:2.77-1"],"ecosystem_specific":{"urgency":"not yet assigned"},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/debian-osv/debian-cve-osv/DEBIAN-CVE-2026-4878.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}]}