{"id":"CVE-2026-55588","summary":"ORAS CLI: Cyclic Referrer Graph Can Cause Unbounded Recursion and Resource Consumption","details":"ORAS (OCI Registry As Storage) is a CLI and library for managing artifacts in OCI registries. In ORAS CLI versions up to and including 1.3.2, the recursive referrer traversal does not track visited descriptors, so a malicious OCI registry that returns a cyclic referrer graph causes unbounded recursion and memory growth. This affects oras discover, whose recursive traversal is enabled by default because the --depth option defaults to 0 (unlimited), as well as the recursive referrer counting used by the oras backup and oras restore workflows. A cyclic graph can be as simple as A referring to B and B referring back to A. A malicious registry can use this to cause a client-side denial of service, exhausting CPU and memory and hanging automation or CI/CD pipelines that run ORAS against untrusted registry metadata. The vulnerability does not extend to code execution, artifact substitution, or integrity bypass. This issue has been fixed in version 1.3.3.","aliases":["GHSA-298f-872v-2rcx"],"modified":"2026-08-28T03:30:53.626632211Z","published":"2026-08-25T20:32:18.677Z","database_specific":{"cna_assigner":"GitHub_M","cwe_ids":["CWE-400","CWE-674","CWE-835"],"osv_generated_from":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/55xxx/CVE-2026-55588.json"},"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/55xxx/CVE-2026-55588.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/oras-project/oras/security/advisories/GHSA-298f-872v-2rcx"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-55588"},{"type":"FIX","url":"https://github.com/oras-project/oras/commit/440eb65d07a0631f131944d28e7c29d562ec17f3"}],"affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://github.com/oras-project/oras","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"440eb65d07a0631f131944d28e7c29d562ec17f3"}],"database_specific":{"extracted_events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.3.3"}],"source":["AFFECTED_FIELD","REFERENCES"]}}],"versions":["v1.0.0","v1.0.0-rc.2","v1.0.0-rc.1","v0.16.0","v0.15.0","v0.14.0","v0.13.0","v0.12.0","v0.11.1","v0.11.0","v0.10.0","v0.9.0","v0.8.1","v0.8.0","v0.7.0","v0.6.0","v0.5.0","v0.4.0","v0.3.3","v0.3.2","v0.3.0","v0.2.0","v0.1.0"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-55588.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}]}