{"id":"CVE-2026-54626","summary":"SAIL: Heap out-of-bounds write in SAIL TGA decoder (indexed-RLE bpp/stride mismatch)","details":"SAIL is a cross-platform library for loading and saving images with support for animation, metadata, and ICC profiles. In 0.9.10 and earlier, the TGA_INDEXED_RLE path selected by image_type == 9 allocates an image buffer using the one-byte-per-pixel SAIL_PIXEL_FORMAT_BPP8_INDEXED format returned by tga_private_sail_pixel_format() in src/sail-codecs/tga/helpers.c, while sail_codec_load_frame_v8_tga() in src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c derives a two-to-four-byte pixel_size from an attacker-controlled header bpp value from 9 through 32. Loading a crafted color-mapped run-length-encoded TGA through sail_load_from_file() or sail_load_from_memory() therefore writes attacker-controlled bytes beyond the heap pixel buffer. The pixel-count clamp added for CVE-2026-40494 does not constrain the per-pixel write width, so this issue is an incomplete fix of that vulnerability and can cause heap corruption, a reliable crash, or potential code execution. This issue is fixed in version 1.0.0.","aliases":["GHSA-744p-cqg2-m33h"],"modified":"2026-09-19T08:08:54.743697Z","published":"2026-09-17T19:46:20.079Z","database_specific":{"cna_assigner":"GitHub_M","cwe_ids":["CWE-122","CWE-787"],"osv_generated_from":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/54xxx/CVE-2026-54626.json"},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/releases/tag/v1.0.0"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/54xxx/CVE-2026-54626.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/security/advisories/GHSA-744p-cqg2-m33h"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54626"},{"type":"FIX","url":"https://github.com/HappySeaFox/sail/commit/fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559"}],"affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://github.com/happyseafox/sail","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559"},{"fixed":"0f969168b9d19d43f448d2237990ec247ba822ca"}],"database_specific":{"extracted_events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"1.0.0"}],"source":["AFFECTED_FIELD","REFERENCES"]}}],"versions":["v0.9.10","v0.9.9","v0.9.8","v0.9.7","v0.9.6","v0.9.5","v0.9.4","v0.9.3","v0.9.2","v0.9.1","v0.9.0","v0.9.0-rc3","v0.9.0-rc2","v0.9.0-rc1","v0.9.0-pre23","v0.9.0-pre22","v0.9.0-pre21","v0.9.0-pre20","v0.9.0-pre19","v0.9.0-pre18","v0.9.0-pre17","v0.9.0-pre16","v0.9.0-pre15","v0.9.0-pre14","v0.9.0-pre13","v0.9.0-pre12","v0.9.0-pre11","v0.9.0-pre10","v0.9.0-pre9","v0.9.0-pre8","v0.9.0-pre7","v0.9.0-pre6","v0.9.0-pre5","v0.9.0-pre4","v0.9.0-pre3","v0.9.0-pre2","v0.9.0-pre1"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-54626.json","vanir_signatures_modified":"2026-09-19T08:08:54Z","vanir_signatures":[{"digest":{"line_hashes":["203081060056453625017446840195078655746","264907075748600123088187908741055249168","152317054325265890493347908509331727047","305408812690371716271496818391789979575","63313665693018534944434585365639026507","267906469712749720277673461660378578525","66006068939370365507982308022438546234","7750929066271793230710168362400721345","99908915894153185048523501736454179769","214296349349766734680929589307104631608","56786190183046133644548343278590173598","233271309863654722825049277415350613677","220986631308032072739714000990552795184"],"threshold":0.9},"id":"CVE-2026-54626-101732cb","signature_type":"Line","signature_version":"v1","source":"https://github.com/happyseafox/sail/commit/fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559","target":{"file":"src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c"},"deprecated":false},{"deprecated":false,"digest":{"function_hash":"23098556256397714419309470804531239173","length":1764},"id":"CVE-2026-54626-dab1d008","signature_type":"Function","signature_version":"v1","source":"https://github.com/happyseafox/sail/commit/fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559","target":{"file":"src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c","function":"sail_codec_load_frame_v8_tga"}},{"signature_type":"Function","signature_version":"v1","source":"https://github.com/happyseafox/sail/commit/fa24bceb93958ad665dbc3cf6b49a1079ab12559","target":{"file":"src/sail-codecs/tga/tga.c","function":"sail_codec_load_seek_next_frame_v8_tga"},"deprecated":false,"digest":{"function_hash":"137443661568885238566133449062019428993","length":2932},"id":"CVE-2026-54626-ec27a7bd"}]}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}]}