{"id":"CVE-2026-44978","summary":"xrdp: Unchecked FIPS padding length in standard RDP Security causes heap out-of-bounds read in HMAC verification","details":"xrdp is an open source RDP server. Versions 0.10.6 and prior contain a heap out-of-bounds read vulnerability within the FIPS-specific receive paths. This vulnerability does not affect the default configuration of xrdp. The vulnerability is only exploitable when the security layer is set to security_layer=negotiate or security_layer=rdp, and the crypto level is changed to crypt_level=fips in xrdp.ini. In this specific non-default mode, the server fails to validate the FIPS padding length field, leading to a pointer underflow and a subsequent negative length calculation. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this by sending a crafted FIPS-protected PDU, causing a heap out-of-bounds read that results in a process crash and denial of service (DoS). However, since xrdp forks a new process for each connection by default, an out-of-bounds read causing a process crash is unlikely to bring down the entire xrdp service. This issue has been fixed in version 0.10.6.1.","aliases":["GHSA-9cg5-f7m7-ppvj"],"modified":"2026-07-23T03:56:23.402458005Z","published":"2026-07-20T16:56:03.216Z","database_specific":{"cwe_ids":["CWE-125","CWE-20"],"osv_generated_from":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/44xxx/CVE-2026-44978.json","cna_assigner":"GitHub_M"},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://github.com/neutrinolabs/xrdp/releases/tag/v0.10.6.1"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/44xxx/CVE-2026-44978.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/neutrinolabs/xrdp/security/advisories/GHSA-9cg5-f7m7-ppvj"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44978"}],"affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://github.com/neutrinolabs/xrdp","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"80c52879fead585d6347df5b3c587718adf8f5a5"}],"database_specific":{"source":["AFFECTED_FIELD","REFERENCES"],"extracted_events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"0.10.6.1"}]}}],"versions":["v0.10.6.1-rc.1","v0.10.6","v0.10.5","v0.10.4.1","v0.10.4","v0.10.3","v0.10.2","v0.10.2-rc.1","v0.10.1","v0.10.0","v0.10.0-beta.3","v0.10.0-beta.2","v0.10.0-beta.1","v0.9.18","v0.9.17","v0.9.16","v0.9.15","v0.9.14","v0.9.13","v0.9.12","v0.9.11","v0.9.10","v0.9.9","v0.9.8","v0.9.7","v0.9.6","v0.9.5","v0.9.4","v0.9.4.rc1","v0.9.3","v0.9.3.rc1","v0.9.2"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-44978.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.7.5","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L"}]}