{"id":"CVE-2026-34987","summary":"Wasmtime with Winch compiler backend on aarch64 may allow a sandbox-escaping memory access","details":"Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. From 25.0.0 to before 36.0.7, 42.0.2, and 43.0.1, Wasmtime with its Winch (baseline) non-default compiler backend may allow properly constructed guest Wasm to access host memory outside of its linear-memory sandbox. This vulnerability requires use of the Winch compiler (-Ccompiler=winch). By default, Wasmtime uses its Cranelift backend, not Winch. With Winch, the same incorrect assumption is present in theory on both aarch64 and x86-64. The aarch64 case has an observed-working proof of concept, while the x86-64 case is theoretical and may not be reachable in practice. This Winch compiler bug can allow the Wasm guest to access memory before or after the linear-memory region, independently of whether pre- or post-guard regions are configured. The accessible range in the initial bug proof-of-concept is up to 32KiB before the start of memory, or ~4GiB after the start of memory, independently of the size of pre- or post-guard regions or the use of explicit or guard-region-based bounds checking. However, the underlying bug assumes a 32-bit memory offset stored in a 64-bit register has its upper bits cleared when it may not, and so closely related variants of the initial proof-of-concept may be able to access truly arbitrary memory in-process. This could result in a host process segmentation fault (DoS), an arbitrary data leak from the host process, or with a write, potentially an arbitrary RCE. This vulnerability is fixed in 36.0.7, 42.0.2, and 43.0.1.","aliases":["GHSA-xx5w-cvp6-jv83","RUSTSEC-2026-0095"],"modified":"2026-07-15T02:15:36.318300695Z","published":"2026-04-09T18:48:33.552Z","related":["CGA-373r-7xrx-29mg","SUSE-SU-2026:21789-1","openSUSE-SU-2026:20749-1"],"database_specific":{"cna_assigner":"GitHub_M","cwe_ids":["CWE-125","CWE-787"],"osv_generated_from":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/34xxx/CVE-2026-34987.json"},"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2026/34xxx/CVE-2026-34987.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime/security/advisories/GHSA-xx5w-cvp6-jv83"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34987"}],"affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasmtime","events":[{"introduced":"0b195ef5db76c02fb5392ec1418c58bdc5537d41"},{"fixed":"09539085b9b514b65d5c51e2905dc38f6eb414b9"},{"introduced":"7b3d6ae79e9153a2477668062f5622c10333925f"},{"fixed":"403f9929d4e13ed87c76471d4f4bc8d381c876eb"},{"introduced":"be23469ece57c0be64904f12111c8d808b0ce4ac"},{"last_affected":"be23469ece57c0be64904f12111c8d808b0ce4ac"}],"database_specific":{"extracted_events":[{"introduced":"25.0.0"},{"fixed":"36.0.7"},{"introduced":"37.0.0"},{"fixed":"42.0.2"},{"introduced":"43.0.0"},{"last_affected":"43.0.0"}],"source":["CPE_RANGE","CPE_STRING"],"cpe":["cpe:2.3:a:bytecodealliance:wasmtime:*:*:*:*:*:rust:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:bytecodealliance:wasmtime:43.0.0:*:*:*:*:rust:*:*"]}}],"versions":["43.0.0","v43.0.0"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2026-34987.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.7.5","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V4","score":"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H"}]}