{"id":"CVE-2025-22069","summary":"riscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler","details":"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nriscv: fgraph: Fix stack layout to match __arch_ftrace_regs argument of ftrace_return_to_handler\n\nNaresh Kamboju reported a \"Bad frame pointer\" kernel warning while\nrunning LTP trace ftrace_stress_test.sh in riscv. We can reproduce the\nsame issue with the following command:\n\n```\n$ cd /sys/kernel/debug/tracing\n$ echo 'f:myprobe do_nanosleep%return args1=$retval' \u003e dynamic_events\n$ echo 1 \u003e events/fprobes/enable\n$ echo 1 \u003e tracing_on\n$ sleep 1\n```\n\nAnd we can get the following kernel warning:\n\n[  127.692888] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[  127.693755] Bad frame pointer: expected ff2000000065be50, received ba34c141e9594000\n[  127.693755]   from func do_nanosleep return to ffffffff800ccb16\n[  127.698699] WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 129 at kernel/trace/fgraph.c:755 ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[  127.699894] Modules linked in:\n[  127.700908] CPU: 1 UID: 0 PID: 129 Comm: sleep Not tainted 6.14.0-rc3-g0ab191c74642 #32\n[  127.701453] Hardware name: riscv-virtio,qemu (DT)\n[  127.701859] epc : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[  127.702032]  ra : ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[  127.702151] epc : ffffffff8013b5e0 ra : ffffffff8013b5e0 sp : ff2000000065bd10\n[  127.702221]  gp : ffffffff819c12f8 tp : ff60000080853100 t0 : 6e00000000000000\n[  127.702284]  t1 : 0000000000000020 t2 : 6e7566206d6f7266 s0 : ff2000000065bd80\n[  127.702346]  s1 : ff60000081262000 a0 : 000000000000007b a1 : ffffffff81894f20\n[  127.702408]  a2 : 0000000000000010 a3 : fffffffffffffffe a4 : 0000000000000000\n[  127.702470]  a5 : 0000000000000000 a6 : 0000000000000008 a7 : 0000000000000038\n[  127.702530]  s2 : ba34c141e9594000 s3 : 0000000000000000 s4 : ff2000000065bdd0\n[  127.702591]  s5 : 00007fff8adcf400 s6 : 000055556dc1d8c0 s7 : 0000000000000068\n[  127.702651]  s8 : 00007fff8adf5d10 s9 : 000000000000006d s10: 0000000000000001\n[  127.702710]  s11: 00005555737377c8 t3 : ffffffff819d899e t4 : ffffffff819d899e\n[  127.702769]  t5 : ffffffff819d89a0 t6 : ff2000000065bb18\n[  127.702826] status: 0000000200000120 badaddr: 0000000000000000 cause: 0000000000000003\n[  127.703292] [\u003cffffffff8013b5e0\u003e] ftrace_return_to_handler+0x1b2/0x1be\n[  127.703760] [\u003cffffffff80017bce\u003e] return_to_handler+0x16/0x26\n[  127.704009] [\u003cffffffff80017bb8\u003e] return_to_handler+0x0/0x26\n[  127.704057] [\u003cffffffff800d3352\u003e] common_nsleep+0x42/0x54\n[  127.704117] [\u003cffffffff800d44a2\u003e] __riscv_sys_clock_nanosleep+0xba/0x10a\n[  127.704176] [\u003cffffffff80901c56\u003e] do_trap_ecall_u+0x188/0x218\n[  127.704295] [\u003cffffffff8090cc3e\u003e] handle_exception+0x14a/0x156\n[  127.705436] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]---\n\nThe reason is that the stack layout for constructing argument for the\nftrace_return_to_handler in the return_to_handler does not match the\n__arch_ftrace_regs structure of riscv, leading to unexpected results.","modified":"2026-04-02T12:45:20.307131Z","published":"2025-04-16T14:12:22.357Z","database_specific":{"osv_generated_from":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/22xxx/CVE-2025-22069.json","cna_assigner":"Linux"},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/67a5ba8f742f247bc83e46dd2313c142b1383276"},{"type":"WEB","url":"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/78b39c587b8f6c69140177108f9c08a75b1c7c37"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://github.com/CVEProject/cvelistV5/tree/main/cves/2025/22xxx/CVE-2025-22069.json"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22069"},{"type":"PACKAGE","url":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git"}],"affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","events":[{"introduced":"a3ed4157b7d89800a0008de0c9e46a438a5c3745"},{"fixed":"78b39c587b8f6c69140177108f9c08a75b1c7c37"},{"fixed":"67a5ba8f742f247bc83e46dd2313c142b1383276"}]},{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"last_affected":"33d4e904e24d14ff0fbc528b657ddc7c7b636e6a"}]}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2025-22069.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.7.5"}