{"id":"CVE-2016-4461","details":"Apache Struts 2.x before 2.3.29 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a \"%{}\" sequence in a tag attribute, aka forced double OGNL evaluation.  NOTE: this vulnerability exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2016-0785.","aliases":["GHSA-864w-r5qj-h6fj"],"modified":"2026-04-10T03:51:23.700867Z","published":"2017-10-16T16:29:00.607Z","references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-036.html"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91277"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20180629-0004/"}],"affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://github.com/apache/struts","events":[{"introduced":"2c0a197cea8fdc7d8cda5eeaa15a1c76507ac0a5"},{"fixed":"bb22c585b5b52967fab033dba02cd244cd5b5b7a"}],"database_specific":{"versions":[{"introduced":"2.0.0"},{"fixed":"2.3.29"}]}}],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2016-4461.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.7.5","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}]}