{"id":"CVE-2016-4431","details":"Apache Struts 2 2.3.20 through 2.3.28.1 allows remote attackers to bypass intended access restrictions and conduct redirection attacks by leveraging a default method.","aliases":["GHSA-vq79-mgpx-2wx4"],"modified":"2026-07-08T05:48:57.515021502Z","published":"2016-07-04T22:59:06.413Z","database_specific":{"unresolved_ranges":[{"extracted_events":[{"introduced":"2.3.20"},{"last_affected":"2.3.20"}],"source":"CPE_STRING","vendor_product":"apache:struts","cpes":["cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.20:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"]}]},"references":[{"type":"WEB","url":"http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91284"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN45093481/index.html"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2016-000113"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ssg1S1009282"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://www-01.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=swg21987854"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2017-3236622.html"},{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://struts.apache.org/docs/s2-040.html"},{"type":"REPORT","url":"https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1348252"}],"affected":[{"ranges":[{"type":"GIT","repo":"https://github.com/apache/struts","events":[{"introduced":"0320310406f6b11cfd235d7a9b866cf1de483a1e"},{"last_affected":"0ac8932aa3a1b28a8f950863c17165cdc63b1474"}],"database_specific":{"extracted_events":[{"introduced":"2.3.20"},{"last_affected":"2.3.20"},{"introduced":"2.3.20.1"},{"last_affected":"2.3.20.1"},{"introduced":"2.3.20.3"},{"last_affected":"2.3.20.3"},{"introduced":"2.3.24"},{"last_affected":"2.3.24"},{"introduced":"2.3.24.1"},{"last_affected":"2.3.24.1"},{"introduced":"2.3.24.3"},{"last_affected":"2.3.24.3"},{"introduced":"2.3.28"},{"last_affected":"2.3.28"}],"source":"CPE_STRING","cpe":["cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.20:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.20.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.20.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.24:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.24.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.24.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*","cpe:2.3:a:apache:struts:2.3.28:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"]}}],"versions":["2.3.20","2.3.20.1","2.3.20.3","2.3.24","2.3.24.1","2.3.24.3","2.3.28"],"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/osv-output/CVE-2016-4431.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.7.5","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"}]}