{"id":"ALPINE-CVE-2026-4878","details":"A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation.","modified":"2026-09-14T16:18:08.211110451Z","published":"2026-04-09T16:16:31.987Z","upstream":["CVE-2026-4878"],"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2026-4878"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"libcap","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.20","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.78-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2026-4878.json"}},{"package":{"name":"libcap","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.21","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.78-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2026-4878.json"}},{"package":{"name":"libcap","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.22","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.78-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2026-4878.json"}},{"package":{"name":"libcap","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.78-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2026-4878.json"}},{"package":{"name":"libcap","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/libcap?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.78-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2026-4878.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.0","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"}]}