{"id":"ALPINE-CVE-2025-59043","details":"OpenBao is an open source identity-based secrets management system. In OpenBao versions prior to 2.4.1, JSON objects after decoding may use significantly more memory than their serialized version. It is possible to craft a JSON payload to maximize the factor between serialized memory usage and deserialized memory usage, similar to a zip bomb, with factors reaching approximately 35. This can be used to circumvent the max_request_size configuration parameter which is intended to protect against denial of service attacks. The request body is parsed into a map very early in the request handling chain before authentication, which means an unauthenticated attacker can send a specifically crafted JSON object and cause an out-of-memory crash. Additionally, for requests with large numbers of strings, the audit subsystem can consume large quantities of CPU. The vulnerability is fixed in version 2.4.1.","modified":"2026-11-03T06:32:51.183460591Z","published":"2025-10-17T16:15:38.763Z","upstream":["CVE-2025-59043"],"references":[{"type":"ADVISORY","url":"https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-59043"}],"affected":[{"package":{"name":"openbao","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.22","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/openbao?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.4.1-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2025-59043.json"}},{"package":{"name":"openbao","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.23","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/openbao?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.4.1-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2025-59043.json"}},{"package":{"name":"openbao","ecosystem":"Alpine:v3.24","purl":"pkg:apk/alpine/openbao?arch=source"},"ranges":[{"type":"ECOSYSTEM","events":[{"introduced":"0"},{"fixed":"2.4.1-r0"}]}],"ecosystem_specific":{},"database_specific":{"source":"https://storage.googleapis.com/cve-osv-conversion/alpine/ALPINE-CVE-2025-59043.json"}}],"schema_version":"1.9.2","severity":[{"type":"CVSS_V3","score":"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"}]}